Today Spain plays its final to win the Football World Cup. Beyond technical criteria, for years there have been several studies attempting to establish some correlation between sport and the economy. In their famous 2004 research on the Olympic Games, Who wins the Olympic Games, economists Andrew B. Bernard and Meghan R. Busse demonstrated that a nation’s total GDP — which combines the size of its population with its per capita wealth — is the best predictor of sporting success. The thesis is that money buys infrastructure, technology, and coaches, while the population provides the critical mass necessary for natural sporting talent to emerge. What do the data from this World Cup say?